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Ultrasonic consolidation : ウィキペディア英語版 | Ultrasonic consolidation Ultrasonic Consolidation (UC), sometimes referred to as Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (UAM), is an additive manufacturing technique based on the ultrasonic welding of metal foils and CNC contour milling.〔Advanced Materials and Processes, ''Ultrasonic Consolidation of Aluminum Tooling'', D.R. White, Vol. 161, 2003, pp. 64–65〕 High-frequency (typically 20,000 hertz) ultrasonic vibrations are locally applied to metal foil materials, held together under pressure, to create a solid-state weld. CNC contour milling is then used to create the required shape for the given layer. This process is then repeated until a solid component has been created or a feature repaired/added to a component. UC has the ability to join dissimilar metal materials〔Rapid Prototyping Journal, ''Use of Ultrasonic Consolidation for Fabrication of Multi-Material Structures'', G.D. Janaki Ram; C. Robinson; Y. Yang; B.E. Stucker, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2007, pp. 226–235〕 of different thicknesses and allows the embedment of fibre materials at relatively low temperature, (typically less than 50% of the metal matrix melting temperature), and pressure into solid metal matrices.〔Composite Structures, ''Ultrasonic Consolidation for Embedding SMA Fibres within Aluminium Matrices'', C.Y. Kong; R.C. Soar; P.M. Dickens, Vol. 66, No. 1–4, 2004, pp. 421–427〕〔Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, ''Characterization of Process for Embedding SiC Fibers in Al 6061 O Matrix Through Ultrasonic Consolidation'', D. Li; R.C. Soar, Vol. 131, No. 2, 2009, pp. 021016-1 to 021016-6〕 ==History== The Ultrasonic Consolidation process was invented and patented〔http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6519500.html〕 by Dawn White. In 1999, White founded Solidica Inc.〔http://www.solidica.com〕 which is the commercial owner and provider of the UC technology.〔http://home.att.net/~castleisland/tl_221b.htm〕 The commercial equipment for UC is called the Form-ation machine.
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